In commemoration of World Tuberculosis Day, the Ministry of Health highlights the progress made in the fight against this disease. Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death from infectious agents worldwide, but in Spain, the data show a clear downward trend.
Improvement in tuberculosis indicators in Spain
In 2023, Spain recorded a notification rate of 8.2 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. This places the country among those with low endemicity, according to the WHO. Although a slight increase in 7% was observed compared to the previous year, the total number of autochthonous cases (43,944) remains low compared to other European countries. Since 2015, tuberculosis cases have decreased by 22.5%. This decline reflects sustained efforts to improve prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
Advances in treatment and diagnosis
Progress has also been seen in treatment. In 2022, 801 patients successfully completed treatment, a rate that continues to increase. Although there is still work to be done, these data show an improvement in disease management. Furthermore, the quality of the data collected has improved, facilitating the development of more effective strategies.
The profile of cases is changing
Another relevant aspect is the change in the profile of cases. The population born outside of Spain now represents 50% of registered cases. This underscores the importance of adapting prevention strategies and ensuring access to healthcare for all population groups. It is essential to strengthen early detection and offer appropriate awareness programs.
A Spanish vaccine promises great progress
The development of the MTBVAC vaccine, led by researchers at the University of Zaragoza, also generates hope. This vaccine, currently in Phase 3 trials, could surpass the efficacy of the BCG vaccine, which has been in use for over 100 years. MTBVAC promises to offer greater protection against pulmonary tuberculosis in adults and adolescents, the groups most affected by the disease.
Continued commitment to the fight against tuberculosis
Despite progress, tuberculosis remains one of the leading causes of death from infectious diseases globally. Spain continues to work with a multisectoral approach, coordinating efforts between the Ministry of Health, the autonomous communities, and other institutions. In the coming months, the TB Prevention and Control Plan will be updated, maintaining a firm commitment to the fight against this disease.
With continued improvements in treatment, the introduction of new tools such as MTBVAC, and the strengthening of prevention strategies, Spain continues to make progress on its path toward eliminating tuberculosis.
